Yakadhindwazve kubva: Institute of Biodegradable Materials
The Institute of Biodegradable Materials yakashuma kuti munguva pfupi yapfuura, kukuvadzwa kwe microplastics kwave kutariswa zvishoma nezvishoma, uye zvidzidzo zvakabatana zvakabuda imwe pashure peimwe, iyo yakawanikwa muropa revanhu, tsvina uye pasi pegungwa.Zvisinei, muongororo yakaitwa munguva pfupi yapfuura neHull York Medical College muUnited Kingdom, vatsvakurudzi vakawana microplastics mukadzika kwemapapu evanhu vapenyu kekutanga.
Chidzidzo ichi, chakaburitswa mujenari General Environmental Science, ndiyo yekutanga kudzidza kwakasimba kuona mapurasitiki mumapapu evanhu vapenyu.
"Microplastics yakawanikwa mumasampuli evanhu veautopsy kare - asi iyi ndiyo yekutanga yekuongorora kwakasimba kunoratidza microplastics mumapapu evanhu vapenyu," akadaro Dr. Laura Sadofsky, Mudzidzisi Mukuru muRespiratory Medicine uye munyori anotungamirira wepepa., “Nzira dzemhepo mumapapu dzakatetepa zvikuru, saka hapana aifunga kuti dzinogona kusvika ikoko, asi zviri pachena kuti dzakasvika.
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Nyika inogadzira matani epurasitiki anosvika mamirioni mazana matatu gore rega rega, angangoita makumi masere kubva muzana ayo anozoguma ave mumarara uye kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenharaunda.Microplastics inogona kubva mudhayamita kubva pa10 nanometers (idiki pane inogona kuona ziso remunhu) kusvika ku5 millimeters, inosvika saizi yekudzima pamagumo epenzura.Zvidiki-diki zvinogona kuyangarara mumhepo, mumvura yepombi kana yemubhodhoro, uye munyanza kana ivhu.
Mamwe mhedzisiro yekutsvagisa yapfuura pane microplastics:
Chidzidzo che 2018 chakawana mapurasitiki mumasampuli ezvituru mushure mekunge zvidzidzo zvapihwa chikafu chenguva dzose chakaputirwa mupurasitiki.
Pepa ra2020 rakaongorora matishu kubva mumapapu, chiropa, spleen neitsvo ndokuwana epurasitiki mune ese masamples akadzidzwa.
Tsvagiridzo yakaburitswa munaKurume yakaona zvidimbu zvepurasitiki muropa revanhu kekutanga.
Ongororo itsva ichangobva kuitwa nevanodzidza paMedical University yeVienna yakaratidzawo kuti kunwa mvura yemabhodhoro epurasitiki gore rose kunogona kukonzera kudyiwa kweanenge 100,000 microplastic uye nanoplastic (MNP) particles pamunhu pagore.
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Chidzidzo chazvino, zvisinei, chakatsvaga kuvaka pabasa rekare nekutsvaga microplastics mumapapu tishu nekukohwa matishu panguva yekuvhiya muvarwere vapenyu.
Ongororo iyi yakaratidza kuti gumi nerimwe remasamples gumi nematatu akadzidzwa aive nemamicroplastics uye akaona gumi nemaviri akasiyana.Aya ma microplastics anosanganisira polyethylene, nylon uye resin anowanzo kuwanikwa mumabhodhoro, kurongedza, zvipfeko uye mucheka.tambo uye mamwe maitiro ekugadzira.
Masampuli echirume aive neakanyanya kukwirira ma microplastics kupfuura echikadzi samples.Asi chakanyanya kushamisa masayendisiti ndechekuti mapurasitiki aya akaonekwa, aine inopfuura hafu yemicroplastics inowanikwa munzvimbo dzepasi dzemapapu.
"Isu takanga tisingatarisiri kuwana huwandu hwakanyanya hwema microplastic particles munzvimbo dzakadzika dzemapapu, kana kuwana zvidimbu zvesaizi iyi," Sadofsky akadaro.Zvaifungidzirwa kuti zvidimbu zvesaizi iyi zvaizosefa kana kubatwa zvisati zvadzika zvakanyanya. "
Masayendisiti anoona mapurasitiki anofambiswa nemhepo kubva pa1 nanometer kusvika ku20 microns kuti anogona kufemeswa, uye chidzidzo ichi chinopa humwe humbowo hwekuti kufemerwa kunovapa nzira yakananga mumuviri.Kufanana nezvichangobva kuwanikwa zvakafanana mumunda, zvinomutsa mubvunzo unokosha zvikuru: Ndezvipi zvinorehwa nehutano hwevanhu?
Kuedzwa kwakaitwa nemasayendisiti murabhoritari kwakaratidza kuti microplastics inogona kupatsanura uye kuchinja chimiro mumaseru emapapu emunhu, aine huturu hwehupfu pamaseru.Asi kunzwisisa kutsva uku kuchabatsira kutungamira tsvakiridzo yakadzama mumhedzisiro yayo.
"Microplastics yakawanikwa mumasampuli evanhu veautopsy zvisati zvaitika - iyi ndiyo yekutanga kudzidza kwakasimba kuratidza kuti kune microplastics mumapapu evanhu vapenyu," akadaro Sadofsky.“Zvinoratidza zvakare kuti dziri kuzasi kwemapapu.Nzira dzekufema dzemapapu dzakanyanya Iri nhete, saka hapana aifunga kuti vangangosvika ikoko, asi vanyatsosvika ikoko.Maonerwo emhando uye mazinga emicroplastics atakawana zvino anogona kuzivisa mamiriro epasirese ekuedza kuratidzwa murabhoritari nechinangwa chekutarisa hutano.
"Ihwo humbowo hwekuti tine mapurasitiki mumiviri yedu - hatifanire," Dick Vethaak, ecotoxicologist paVrije Universiteit Amsterdam, akaudza AFP.
Mukuwedzera, chidzidzo chacho chakacherechedza "kuwedzera kunetseka" pamusoro pezvingangove zvinokuvadza zvekupinza uye kufema microplastics.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-14-2022